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{Ruth 4:7} Now this x2063 [was the manner] in former time 6440 in Israel 3478 concerning x5921 redeeming 1353 and concerning x5921 changing, 8545 for to confirm 6965 z8763 all x3605 things; 1697 a man 376 plucked off 8025 z8804 his shoe, 5275 and gave 5414 z8804 [it] to his neighbour: 7453 and this x2063 [was] a testimony 8584 in Israel. 3478
a man plucked off:
This custom does not refer to the law about refusing to marry a brother's widow, but was usual in the transfer of inheritances. For this relative was not a brother, but simply a kinsman; and the shoe was not pulled off by Ruth, but by the kinsman himself. The Targumist, instead of his shoe, renders "his right hand glove," it probably being the custom, in his time, to give that instead of a shoe. Jarchi says, "When we purchase anything new, it is customary to give, instead of a shoe, a handkerchief or veil." "And if¹ the manª likeª° not¹ to takeª°¹ his brother's wife,ª then let his brother's wifeª go upª° to the gateª unto¹ the elders,ª and say,ª° My husband's brotherª refusethª° to raise upª° unto his brotherª a nameª in Israel,ª he willª° not¹ perform the duty of my husband's brother.ª° ... And his nameª shall be calledª° in Israel,ª The houseª of him that hath his shoeª loosed.ª°" {Deu 25:7-10}

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